Month: April 2022

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Vinylmetallics as ligands. II. Reaction of (1,5-cyclooctadiene)copper(I) chloride with dimethyldivinylsilane and dibutyldivinyltin》. Authors are Fitch, John W.; Kettner, Charles A..The article about the compound:Chloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)copper(I) dimercas:32717-95-6,SMILESS:C12=C(CCC3=C4CC2)[Cu+]1534[Cl-][Cu+]678(C9=C6CCC7=C8CC9)[Cl-]5).Synthetic Route of C16H16Cl2Cu2. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:32717-95-6) is conveyed.

The stability of Me2Si(CH:CH2).2CuCl and Bu2Sn(CH:CH2)2.2CuCl was compared to that of 1,5-cyclooctadiene-CuCl. Both ligand exchange reactions and competition reactions favored the formation of the vinylmetallic complexes over formation of 1,5-cyclooctadiene-CuCl.

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Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Application of 1127-45-3. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 8-Hydroxyquinoline 1-oxide, is researched, Molecular C9H7NO2, CAS is 1127-45-3, about The oxidation of pyridine and alcohol using the Keggin-type lacunary polytungstophosphate as a temperature-controlled phase transfer catalyst. Author is Ding, Yong; Zhao, Wei.

A novel temperature-controlled phase transfer catalyst of [(C18H37)2(CH3)2N]7[PW11O39] has been developed for the oxidation of pyridines and alcs. with hydrogen peroxide. The reactions were conducted in 1,4-dioxane, and high yields of the corresponding heterocyclic N-oxides and ketones were obtained under relative mild conditions. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused after reaction with cooling. There was no discernable loss in activity and selectivity after several reaction cycles.

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Application In Synthesis of 8-Hydroxyquinoline 1-oxide. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 8-Hydroxyquinoline 1-oxide, is researched, Molecular C9H7NO2, CAS is 1127-45-3, about Complexation of dimethyltin(IV) ion with 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide and 8-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide. Author is Singh, K. Ajit; Gupta, V. D..

Thermodn. parameters were determined for the complexation of Me2SnCl2 with the title N-oxides. In both cases ΔG and ΔH were neg.; ΔS was neg. for complexation with 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide and pos. for complexation with 8-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide.

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Electric Literature of C38H34N2O4P2. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: (R)-2,2′,6,6′-Tetramethoxy-4,4′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-3,3′-bipyridine, is researched, Molecular C38H34N2O4P2, CAS is 221012-82-4, about The preparation of bi-functional organophosphine oxides as potential antitumor agents. Author is Lam, Kim-Hung; Chui, Chung-Hin; Gambari, Roberto; Wong, Raymond Siu-Ming; Cheng, Gregory Yin-Ming; Lau, Fung-Yi; Lai, Paul Bo-San; Tong, See-Wai; Chan, Kit-Wah; Wong, Wai-Yeung; Chan, Albert Sun-Chi; Tang, Johnny Cheuk-On.

Following previously reported pyridinyl phosphine oxides as antitumor agents, the com. available C2-axial chiral organophosphine ligand catalysts, such as 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (BINAP) 1 and 2,2′,6,6′-tetramethoxy-4,4′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-3,3′-bipyridine (P-Phos) 2 as a convenient source for producing organophosphine oxides were targeted as antitumor leads. Their corresponding chiral and racemic bi-phosphine oxides 3 and 4 can be obtained easily through a simple oxidation step with hydrogen peroxide, and their antitumor activities towards human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cell line were reported. It was found that compound 3 shows stronger antitumor activity than that of 4, where axial chirality cannot improve their activity. Further athymic nude mice Hep3B xenograft model demonstrates the attractive in vivo antitumor potential of 3.

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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 57825-30-6, is researched, SMILESS is CCC1=CC=C(CBr)C=C1, Molecular C9H11BrJournal, Green Chemistry called Photocatalyst- and transition-metal-free α-allylation of N-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines mediated by visible light, Author is Li, Zhuohua; Ma, Pengju; Tan, Yongzhu; Liu, Yufei; Gao, Min; Zhang, Yujun; Yang, Bo; Huang, Xuan; Gao, Yuan; Zhang, Junmin, the main research direction is alkyl aryl tetrahydroisoquinoline preparation; aryl tetrahydroisoquinoline preparation alkyl bromide allylation photocatalyst.Safety of 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-ethylbenzene.

A convenient and efficient α-allylation of N-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines I (R = H, 4-Br, 3-Me, 4-Et, etc.) has been achieved. This transformation can be realized under only visible light irradiation without the aid of transition metals or photocatalysts. The mechanism involves a novel in situ-generated electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between the N-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines I and an allyl or a benzyl bromide R1Br (R1 = 2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, prop-2-en-1-yl, benzyl, 1-phenylethyl, etc.). Irradiation with purple light triggered single-electron transfer (SET) from the N-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines I to the allyl or benzyl bromide of the EDA complex, induces the formation of the corresponding allyl or benzyl radical and the subsequent radical-radical coupling. This approach represents the first example of a photocatalyst- and transition-metal-free α-allylic and benzylic functionalization of N-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines I.

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HPLC of Formula: 13940-83-5. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: Nickel(ii)fluoridetetrahydrate, is researched, Molecular F2H8NiO4, CAS is 13940-83-5, about Chemical transformations of crystal hydrates of iron, cobalt, and nickel fluorides on heating.

Heating FeF2.4H2O in Ar or CoF2.4H2O and NiF2.H2O in Ar or air caused dehydration and partial hydrolysis of the products. Fe2F4O formed on heating FeF2.4H2O in O or air. The temperature of dehydration increased with decreasing ionic radius of metal ions.

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Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
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Product Details of 57825-30-6. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-ethylbenzene, is researched, Molecular C9H11Br, CAS is 57825-30-6, about Structure-Affinity Relationships and Structure-Kinetics Relationships of Pyrido[2,1-f]purine-2,4-dione Derivatives as Human Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists. Author is Xia, Lizi; Burger, Wessel A. C.; van Veldhoven, Jacobus P. D.; Kuiper, Boaz J.; van Duijl, Tirsa T.; Lenselink, Eelke B.; Paasman, Ellen; Heitman, Laura H.; IJzerman, Adriaan P..

We expanded on a series of pyrido[2,1-f]purine-2,4-dione derivatives as human adenosine A3 receptor (hA3R) antagonists to determine their kinetic profiles and affinities. Many compounds showed high affinities and a diverse range of kinetic profiles. We found hA3R antagonists with very short residence time (RT) at the receptor (2.2 min for II 5) and much longer RTs (e.g., 376 min for I or 391 min for 31). Two representative antagonists (I) and (II) were tested in [35S]GTPγS binding assays, and their RTs appeared correlated to their (in)surmountable antagonism. From a kon-koff-KD kinetic map, we divided the antagonists into three subgroups, providing a possible direction for the further development of hA3R antagonists. Addnl., we performed a computational modeling study that sheds light on the crucial receptor interactions, dictating the compounds’ binding kinetics. Knowledge of target binding kinetics appears useful for developing and triaging new hA3R antagonists in the early phase of drug discovery.

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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Ternary fluorides. I. Structure, magnetism, and reflection spectra of alkali, ammonium, and thallium nickel(II) fluorides》. Authors are Ruedorff, Walter; Kaendler, Joachim; Babel, Dietrich.The article about the compound:Nickel(ii)fluoridetetrahydratecas:13940-83-5,SMILESS:[H]O[H].[H]O[H].[H]O[H].[H]O[H].[Ni+2].[F-].[F-]).Formula: F2H8NiO4. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:13940-83-5) is conveyed.

By heating stoichiometric mixtures of the anhydrous component fluorides or H fluorides, the ternary compounds M2NiF4 (M = Li, Rb, NH4, or Tl) and MNiF3, (M = Na, Rb, or NH4) were prepared Li2NiF4 has an inverted spinel structure, space group O7h, a 8.313 A., Z = 8, d21 3.47. The other M2NiF4 compounds have a tetragonal, K2MgF4-type lattice, space group D174h, with a and c 4.006 and 13.076; 4.087 and 13.71; 4.084 and 13.79; and 4.051 and 14.22 A. for M = K, Rb, NH4, and Tl, resp. For the K, NH4, and Tl compounds d22 = 4.38, 2.39, and 7.85, resp. NaNiF3 has a rhombic, distorted, perovskite lattice, space group D162h, a 5.360, b 5.525, c 7.705 A., Z = 4, d. 4.04. RbNiF3 has a hexagonal, BaTiO3-type, perovskite lattice, space group D46h, a 5.843, c 14.31 A., d22 4.74. NH4NiF3 is pseudocubic, a 8.145 A., d21 3.26. KNiF3 is cubic, space group O1h, a 4.011 A. The lattice constant of the mixed crystals (KNiF3-KF) formed by mixing boiling NiCl2 and KCl solutions increases with KF content. The mixed crystals are a subtraction phase with vacancies in the Ni++ and F- partial lattices. From magnetic susceptibility data (77-473°K.) the compounds are divided into 3 groups: Li2NiF4, NiF2.4H2O, and (NH4)2NiF4.2H2O, which follow the Curie-Weiss law with low values of θ and which show the normal paramagnetism of Ni++ ion; antiferromagnetic compounds KNiF3, K2NiF4, Rb2NiF4, (NH4)2NiF4, and Tl2NiF4; and NaNiF3, NH4NiF3, and RbNiF3, which at low temperatures are weakly ferro- or ferrimagnetic. The different magnetic behaviors are discussed in relation to the structures, Ni-F-Ni angles, and Ni-F distances in the lattices. Reflection spectra of NiF2, KNiF3, K2NiF4, NaNiF3, Rb2NiF4, and Li2NiF4 are discussed and the absorption bands correlated with transitions among the energy levels of the Ni++ ion.

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In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Distinguishing N-oxide and hydroxyl compounds: Impact of heated capillary/heated ion transfer tube in inducing atmospheric pressure ionization source decompositions, published in 2004-06-30, which mentions a compound: 1127-45-3, mainly applied to distinguishing nitrogen oxide hydroxyl mass spectra; heated capillary transfer tube pressure ionization source decomposition, Reference of 8-Hydroxyquinoline 1-oxide.

In the pharmaceutical industry, a higher attrition rate during the drug discovery process means a lower drug failure rate in the later stages. This translates into shorter drug development time and reduced cost for bringing a drug to market. Over the past few years, anal. strategies based on liquid chromatog./mass spectrometry (LC/MS) have gone through revolutionary changes and presently accommodate most of the needs of the pharmaceutical industry. Among these LC/MS techniques, collision induced dissociation (CID) or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS and MSn) techniques were widely used to identify unknown compounds and characterize metabolites. MS/MS methods are generally ineffective for distinguishing isomeric compounds such as metabolites involving oxygenation of carbon or nitrogen atoms. Most recently, atm. pressure ionization (API) source decomposition methods aid in the mass spectral distinction of isomeric oxygenated (N-oxide vs. hydroxyl) products/metabolites. In previous studies, experiments were conducted using mass spectrometers equipped with a heated capillary interface between the mass analyzer and the ionization source. The authors studied the impact of the length of a heated capillary or heated ion transfer tube (a newer version of the heated capillary designed for accommodating orthogonal API source design) in inducing for-API source deoxygenation that allows the distinction of N-oxide from hydroxyl compounds 8-Hydroxyquinoline (HO-Q), quinoline-N-oxide (Q-NO) and 8-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide (HO-Q-NO) were used as model compounds on three different mass spectrometers (LCQ Deca, LCQ Advantage and TSQ Quantum). Irresp. of heated capillary or ion transfer tube length, N-oxides from this class of compounds underwent predominantly deoxygenation decomposition under atm. pressure chem. ionization conditions and the abundance of the diagnostic [M + H – O]+ ions increased with increasing vaporizer temperature Also, the results suggest that in API source decomposition methods described in this paper can be conducted using mass spectrometers with nonheated capillary or ion transfer tube API interfaces. Because N-oxides can undergo in-source decomposition and interfere with quantitation experiments, particular attention should be paid when developing API based bioanal. methods.

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In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Delineating Origins of Stereocontrol in Asymmetric Pd-Catalyzed α-Hydroxylation of 1,3-Ketoesters, published in 2010-05-07, which mentions a compound: 221012-82-4, Name is (R)-2,2′,6,6′-Tetramethoxy-4,4′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-3,3′-bipyridine, Molecular C38H34N2O4P2, Name: (R)-2,2′,6,6′-Tetramethoxy-4,4′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-3,3′-bipyridine.

Systematic studies of reaction conditions and subsequent optimization led to the identification of important parameters for stereoselectivity in the asym. α-hydroxylation reaction of 1,3-ketoesters. Enantioselectivities of up to 98% can be achieved for cyclic substrates and 88% for acyclic ketoesters. Subsequently, the combination of cyclic/acyclic ketoester, catalyst, and oxidant was found to have a profound effect on reaction rates and turnover-limiting steps. The stereochem. of the reaction contradicts that observed for other similar electrophilic substitution reactions. This was rationalized by transition-state modeling, which revealed a number of cooperative weak interactions between oxidant, ligand, and counterion, together with C-H/π interactions that cumulatively account for the unusual stereoselectivity.

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