Month: January 2023

Mechanistic Insight into Copper-Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Aryl Halides: The Role of CuI was written by Liu, He;Wu, Jian;Jin, Yuxuan;Leng, Xuebing;Shen, Qilong. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Quality Control of Ethyl 3-chloroquinoxaline-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

The synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of key intermediates [Cu(CF₃)(X)]^–Q⁺ (X = CF₃ or I, Q = PPh₄) in copper-mediated trifluoromethylation of aryl halides were studied. Qual. and quant. studies showed [Cu(CF₃)₂]^–Q⁺ and [Cu(CF₃)(I)]^–Q⁺ were not highly reactive. Instead, a much more reactive species, ligand-less [CuCF₃] or DMF-ligated species [(DMF)CuCF₃], was generated in the presence of excess CuI. On the basis of these results, a general mechanistic map for CuI-promoted trifluoromethylation of aryl halides was proposed. Furthermore, on the basis of this mechanistic understanding, a HOAc-promoted protocol for trifluoromethylation of aryl halides with [Ph₄P]⁺[Cu(CF₃)₂]^– was developed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-chloroquinoxaline-2-carboxylate (cas: 49679-45-0Quality Control of Ethyl 3-chloroquinoxaline-2-carboxylate).

Ethyl 3-chloroquinoxaline-2-carboxylate (cas: 49679-45-0) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxalines are important class of heterocyclic compounds, associated with wider pharmacological applications. Quinoxalines are used in the treatment of bacterial, cancer, and HIV infections. Moreover, varenicline, a clinical drug is used for treating nicotine addiction, also contains quinoxaline moiety.Quality Control of Ethyl 3-chloroquinoxaline-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Biomass into chemicals: One-pot two- and three-step synthesis of quinoxalines from biomass-derived glycols and 1,2-dinitrobenzene derivatives using supported gold nanoparticles as catalysts was written by Climent, M. J.;Corma, A.;Hernandez, J. C.;Hungria, A. B.;Iborra, S.;Martinez-Silvestre, S.. And the article was included in Journal of Catalysis in 2012.Quality Control of 6-Chloroquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

An efficient and selective one-pot two-step method, for the synthesis of quinoxalines by oxidative coupling of vicinal diols with 1,2-phenylenediamine derivatives, has been developed by using gold nanoparticles supported on nanoparticulated ceria (Au/CeO₂) or hydrotalcite (Au/HT) as catalysts and air as oxidant, in the absence of any homogeneous base. Reaction kinetics shows that the reaction controlling step is the oxidation of the diol to α-hydroxycarbonyl compound Furthermore, a one-pot three-step synthesis of 2-methylquinoxaline starting from 1,2-dinitrobenzene and 1,2-propanediol has been successfully carried out with 98% conversion and 83% global yield to the final product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Quality Control of 6-Chloroquinoxaline).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Condensed heterocycles of quinoxalines have become attractive targets in synthetic and medicinal chemistry due to their significant biological activities. Quinoxalines are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotics such as echinomycin, levomycin exhibiting antitumoral properties. Quinoxalines establish also the basis of anthelmintics and receptor antagonists.Quality Control of 6-Chloroquinoxaline

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Ni-nanoparticles: An efficient catalyst for the synthesis of quinoxalines was written by Kumar, Ajeet;Kumar, Santosh;Saxena, Amit;De, Arnab;Mozumdar, Subho. And the article was included in Catalysis Communications in 2008.Product Details of 5448-43-1 This article mentions the following:

Biol. active quinoxalines were efficiently synthesized in excellent yields and in less reaction time using inexpensive, monodispersed and easily recyclable Ni-nanoparticles. In order to elucidate the role of the Ni-nanoparticles, a control reaction was conducted using glyoxal and o-phenylenediamine in acetonitrile in the absence of Ni-nanoparticles. Quinoxaline was formed in around 10 h with a 30% yield. However, the same reaction carried out in acetonitrile using 10 mol.% of Ni-nanoparticles (14-18 nm) at 25° and stirred under N₂ gave quinoxaline in quant. yield in 10 min. The separation of the product was facile and the catalyst could be separated and recycled by mild centrifugation. This method is very quick, avoids the use of expensive reagents, high temperatures (the reaction takes place at room temperature) and leads to excellent yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Product Details of 5448-43-1).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxalines have received a significant amount of attention due to their potential use in fighting various pathophysiological conditions like epilepsy, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s diseases. Quinoxalines are used in the treatment of bacterial, cancer, and HIV infections. Moreover, varenicline, a clinical drug is used for treating nicotine addiction, also contains quinoxaline moiety.Product Details of 5448-43-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

An unexpected ring-opening in the Reissert reaction on 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline N-oxide was written by Nasielski, J.;Heilporn, S.;Nasielski-Hinkens, R.;Tinant, B.;Declercq, J. P.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1989.SDS of cas: 5448-43-1 This article mentions the following:

When quinoxaline-N-oxide is reacted with KCN and BzCl in H₂O or MeOH; the products are 2-, 5- and 6-chloroquinoxaline and small amounts of 2-cyanoquinoxaline. Using three equivalent of Me₃SiCN instead of KCN, and CH₂Cl₂ as the solvent, leads to a 72% yield of 2-cyanoquinoxaline. The reaction of Me₃SiCN and BzCl with 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline-N-oxide leads to 2-Bz₂NC₆H₄N:CPhCN (I). The structure of I is based on spectroscopic data and on an X-ray crystallog. anal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1SDS of cas: 5448-43-1).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxaline is isomeric with other naphthyridines including quinazoline, phthalazine and cinnoline. Quinoxaline-1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have shown to improve the biological results and are endowed with anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-protozoal activities with application in many other therapeutic areas.SDS of cas: 5448-43-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Substituent effect on local aromaticity in mono and di-substituted heterocyclic analogs of naphthalene was written by Mohajeri, Afshan;Shahamirian, Mozhgan. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry in 2010.Reference of 5448-43-1 This article mentions the following:

A quant. study on local aromaticity has been performed on a series of mono- and di-substituted biheterocycles (quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline). Three electronically based indexes (PDI, ATI, and FLU) have been employed to investigate the substituent effect on the π-electron delocalization in both heterocycle and benzenoid rings. Three typical substituents (Cl, OCH₃, and CN) with different inductive and resonance power have been selected. Generally, substituent causes a reduction in aromaticity irresp. of whether it is electron attracting or electron donating. It is shown that the maximum aromaticity exhibits a similar trend of Cl > CN > OCH₃ for all the studied rings. Moreover, it is found that the substituent situation with respect to the heteroatom has a significant influence on the aromaticity. It results from our study that in di-substituted derivatives, irresp. of whether the two substituents form a meta or para isomer, they preferably choose the position which leads to the maximum aromaticity character. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Reference of 5448-43-1).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Condensed heterocycles of quinoxalines have become attractive targets in synthetic and medicinal chemistry due to their significant biological activities. Quinoxaline-1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have shown to improve the biological results and are endowed with anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-protozoal activities with application in many other therapeutic areas.Reference of 5448-43-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider