Month: February 2023

Detection of glyoxal bound to protein by gas chromatography after derivatization to quinoxaline and its application for biological sample was written by Segawa, Toshiharu;Ueno, Hitoshi;Nakamuro, Katsuhiko;Sayato, Yasuyoshi. And the article was included in Japanese Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health in 1992.SDS of cas: 5448-43-1 This article mentions the following:

The microdetermination method for glyoxal bound to proteins in biol. samples has been developed using GC with an electron capture detector. The treatment of the glyoxal-bound protein with 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine gave its derivative, 6-chloroquinoxaline, showing the release of glyoxal from the protein. The use of metaphosphoric acid as a precipitant of the protein was suitable. The results from Sephadex G-25 gel chromatog. coupled with this microdetermination method indicated that glyoxal binds to bovine albumin. The amounts of glyoxal bound to the albumin, fetal bovine serum, and rat liver homogenate increased with an increase of glyoxal added. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1SDS of cas: 5448-43-1).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxalines have received a significant amount of attention due to their potential use in fighting various pathophysiological conditions like epilepsy, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s diseases. Modifying quinoxaline structure it is possible to obtain a wide variety of biomedical applications, namely antimicrobial activities and chronic and metabolic diseases treatment.SDS of cas: 5448-43-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

A theoretical study of a family of new quinoxaline derivatives was written by Pis Diez, Reinaldo;Duchowicz, Pablo R.;Castaneta, Heriberto;Castro, Eduardo A.;Fernandez, Francisco M.;Albesa, Alberto G.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling in 2006.SDS of cas: 49679-45-0 This article mentions the following:

Hybrid d. functional calculations are performed on a series of 21 new quinoxaline derivatives, which would likely exhibit important biol. activities. Optimized geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and ¹H chem. shifts are reported and compared with exptl. data when available. In addition, m.ps. of 75 derivatives are predicted resorting to the quant. structure-property relationship (QSPR) theory, doing the variable selection by means of the replacement method and using 875 theor. descriptors obtained from Dragon 5 software. The best relationship found has seven descriptors with R = 0.8818 and R_l-10%-o = 0.7705. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-chloroquinoxaline-2-carboxylate (cas: 49679-45-0SDS of cas: 49679-45-0).

Ethyl 3-chloroquinoxaline-2-carboxylate (cas: 49679-45-0) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxalines are important class of heterocyclic compounds, associated with wider pharmacological applications. Quinoxalines are used in the treatment of bacterial, cancer, and HIV infections. Moreover, varenicline, a clinical drug is used for treating nicotine addiction, also contains quinoxaline moiety.SDS of cas: 49679-45-0

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

MOF-Derived Subnanometer Cobalt Catalyst for Selective C-H Oxidative Sulfonylation of Tetrahydroquinoxalines with Sodium Sulfinates was written by Xie, Feng;Lu, Guang-Peng;Xie, Rong;Chen, Qing-Hua;Jiang, Huan-Feng;Zhang, Min. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2019.Category: quinoxaline This article mentions the following:

Cobalt supported on nitrogen-doped carbon was prepared by deposition of cobalt into ZIF-8 followed by pyrolysis and used as a catalyst for the aerobic oxidative sulfonylation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines with sodium sulfinates in the presence of NH₄I to yield arylsulfonylquinoxalines such as I (R = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 2-naphthyl, 2,4,6-Me₃C₆H₂, 4-FC₆H₄, 2-FC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 3-pyridinyl, 2-thienyl, 8-quinolinyl, 3,5-dimethyl-4-isoxazolinyl, Me, Et, cyclopropyl). The supported cobalt catalyst was used six times with < 10% decrease in product yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Category: quinoxaline).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxaline is isomeric with other naphthyridines including quinazoline, phthalazine and cinnoline. The antitumoral properties of quinoxaline compounds have been of interest. Recently, quinoxaline and its analogs have been investigated as the catalyst’s ligands.Category: quinoxaline

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

1-Alkyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines was written by Cavagnol, J. C.;Wiselogle, F. Y.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1947.COA of Formula: C8H5ClN2 This article mentions the following:

3,4-(H₂N)₂C₆H₃Me results in 86.5% yield on reduction of 3,4-O₂N(H₂N)C₆H₃Me over Raney Ni and 3,4-(H₂N)₂C₆H₃OMe in 86% yield, from 3,4-O₂N(H₂N)C₆H₃OMe. o-C₆H₄(NH₂)₂ (108.1 g.) in 500 cc. 2 M AcOH and 250 cc. 4 M AcONa at 60°, poured rapidly into 298.4 g. (CHO)₂.2NaHSO₃.H₂O in 1500 cc. H₂O at 60°, the solution stirred 1 hr., cooled to below 10°, neutralized with 120 g. NaOH, 500 g. K₂CO₃ added, the oily amine extracted with one 500-cc. portion of C₆H₆, and the solution extracted 8 hrs. with 300 cc. C₆H₆, gives 85% quinoxaline (I), b₁ 44-5°, b₁₀ 96°, b₃₁ 124°, b₇₆₀ 225°, m. 30.5-1.5°; 6-Cl derivative b₁₀ 117-19°, m. 63.8-4.3°, 79%; 6-Me derivative b₁ 86°, b₂₉ 141.5°, m. below 0°, 86%; 6-MeO derivative b₇ 128°, m. 60°, 88%. I (130.1 g.) in 1200 cc. C₆H₆, shaken with 10 cc. moist Raney Ni to remove catalyst poisons, and then reduced over 1.5 g. Pt oxide at 50-80 lb. pressure, give 92% 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline (II), m. 98.5-9° (HCl salt, m. 167-9°); 6-Cl derivative m. 113-14°; 6-Me derivative m. 104.5-5.5°, 92%; 6-MeO derivative m. 80.5-1°, 95%. A variety of methods for the monoalkylation of II failed. II (40.3 g.) in 350 cc. 20% NaOH at 20°, treated dropwise with 115 cc. PhSO₂Cl (60 drops/min.) during 2.5-3 hrs. (vigorous stirring), gives 87% 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-phenylsulfonylquinoxaline (III), yellow, m. 138-9°; with C₅H₅N, 10% excess PhSO₂Cl is sufficient and the III has a red tinge. III (0.1 mole), 0.4 mole alkyl halide, 0.2 mole anhydrous Na₂CO₃, and 100 cc. 95% EtOH, refluxed 48 hrs. in a N atm., give 88-92% of 1-substituted derivatives: Me, m. 88-9° (methiodide, m. 168-9°); Et, m. 118.5-19.5°; Pr, m. 119.5-20°; iso-Pr, m. 142.5-3.5°; Bu, m. 95-5.5°; benzyl, m. 134-5°; Ac, m. 111.5-12°. Hydrolysis with concentrated H₂SO₄ gives 1-alkyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines: Me, b₂ 108.5°, 76%; Et, b₁ 88-90°, 59% (oxalate, m. 130-1°); Pr, b_1.5 113.5°, 66%; iso-Pr, b_1.5 107.5°, 68%; Bu, b₁ 107.5°, 81% (oxalate, m. 142.5-3.5°); benzyl, b_1.5 178-9°, m. 50.5-2.5°, 66%. Picrates: II, m. 128.5-9.5°; 1-Me, m. 123-6.5°; 1-Et, m. 111.5-12°; 1-Pr, m. 135-6°; 1-iso-Pr, m. 131-2°; 1-Bu, m. 130-1.5°; 1-benzyl, m. 150-1.5°; 6-MeO, m. 134-5°; 6-Me, m. 148-8.5°. Derivatives of 1-benzoyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline: 4-Me, m. 109-10°; 4-Et, m. 123-4°; 4-Pr, m. 88-9°; 4-iso-Pr, m. 114-15°; 4-Bu, m. 87-8°; 4-benzyl, m. 123.3-3.8°. 1,4-Dibenzoyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines: 6-Me, m. 141.5-2°; 6-MeO, m. 138.5-8.8°; 6-Cl, m. 168.5-9°. 1,4-Diacetyl-6-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline m. 105.2-6.2°. 1,4-Dicarbethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline, m. 42-4°; the trihydrate is an oil. 1,4-Bis (phenylsulfonyl)-6-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline m. 124-5°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1COA of Formula: C8H5ClN2).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxalines have received a significant amount of attention due to their potential use in fighting various pathophysiological conditions like epilepsy, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s diseases. They are well-known for application in organic light emitting devices, polymers and pharmaceutical agents. The quinoxaline-containing polymers are applicable in optical devices due to their thermal stability and low band gap.COA of Formula: C8H5ClN2

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

The aromaticity of substituted diazanaphthalenes was written by Guemues, Selcuk. And the article was included in Computational & Theoretical Chemistry in 2011.Category: quinoxaline This article mentions the following:

Substituted (F, Cl, OH) diazanaphthalene derivatives were considered theor. to obtain information about their stabilities and aromaticities. The expected decrease of aromaticity of naphthalene itself by double aza substitution was compensated by substitution of one of the hydrogens of the system by an electroneg. atom. The position of the substituent is strongly effective on the aromaticity of the structure such that, the aromaticity is enhanced when the substituent is closer to the aza points. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Category: quinoxaline).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Condensed heterocycles of quinoxalines have become attractive targets in synthetic and medicinal chemistry due to their significant biological activities. Quinoxaline-1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have shown to improve the biological results and are endowed with anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-protozoal activities with application in many other therapeutic areas.Category: quinoxaline

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Exploiting Ancillary Ligation To Enable Nickel-Catalyzed C-O Cross-Couplings of Aryl Electrophiles with Aliphatic Alcohols was written by MacQueen, Preston M.;Tassone, Joseph P.;Diaz, Carlos;Stradiotto, Mark. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2018.SDS of cas: 5448-43-1 This article mentions the following:

The use of (L)Ni(o-tolyl)Cl precatalysts (L = PAd-DalPhos or CyPAd-DalPhos, I or II, resp.) enables the C(sp²)-O cross-coupling of primary, secondary, or tertiary aliphatic alcs. with (hetero)aryl electrophiles, including unprecedented examples of such nickel-catalyzed transformations employing (hetero)aryl chlorides, sulfonates, and pivalates. In addition to offering a competitive alternative to palladium catalysis, this work establishes the feasibility of utilizing ancillary ligation as a complementary means of promoting challenging nickel-catalyzed C(sp²)-O cross-couplings, without recourse to precious-metal photoredox catalytic methods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1SDS of cas: 5448-43-1).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxaline derivatives are important constituents of pharmacologically active compounds, including antibacterial, antibiotic and antineoplastic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. Quinoxalines are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotics such as echinomycin, levomycin exhibiting antitumoral properties. Quinoxalines establish also the basis of anthelmintics and receptor antagonists.SDS of cas: 5448-43-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

A novel synthesis of quinoxaline-6-carbaldehyde and its evaluation as potential antimicrobial agent was written by Pai, Nandini R.;Vishwasrao, Sandesh G.. And the article was included in Pharma Chemica in 2011.Recommanded Product: 5448-43-1 This article mentions the following:

A novel synthetic process for quinoxaline-6-carboxaldehyde (I), expected to exhibit antimicrobial activity, was presented. Compound I was evaluated for antimicrobial potency in vitro and in vivo. The min. inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the I against bacteria was determined by agar and broth dilution in vitro. The antibacterial activity was confirmed by animal experiments Toxicity and protective efficacy were tested in vivo. Compound I inhibited most of the bacterial isolates at 25-100 μg/mL, and a few were sensitive even at 10 μg/mL. It was found to be bacteriostatic against Shigella dysenteriae and bactericidal against S. aureus. When administered to mice, I protected the animals challenged with 50 MLD of Salmonella typhimurium. The drug showed inhibitory action against several pathogenic bacteria and also offered significant protection to mice against the bacterial challenge. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Recommanded Product: 5448-43-1).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxaline derivatives are important constituents of pharmacologically active compounds, including as well as for RNA synthesis inhibition, reactive dyes and pigments, azo dyes, flurox Cylin Dyes, Corrosion Inhibitors and Photovoltaic Polymers. Quinoxalines are used in the treatment of bacterial, cancer, and HIV infections. Moreover, varenicline, a clinical drug is used for treating nicotine addiction, also contains quinoxaline moiety.Recommanded Product: 5448-43-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Prodrug Approach toward the Development of a PET Radioligand for Imaging the GluN2A Subunits of the NMDA Receptor was written by Gruber, Stefan;Waser, Valerie;Thiel, Zacharias;Ametamey, Simon M.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2021.Reference of 532934-95-5 This article mentions the following:

A straightforward synthesis of a F-18-labeled prodrug of AFA233 is reported. The key step in the preparation of [¹⁸F]AFA233-prodrug is the selective deprotection of the tert-Bu protection groups of the quinoxalinedione moiety without cleavage of the tert-butyl-S-acyl-2-thioethyl protection groups on the phosphate esters. The preparation of the nonradioactive prodrug reference compound of AFA233 is reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Bromo-5-methylquinoxaline (cas: 532934-95-5Reference of 532934-95-5).

7-Bromo-5-methylquinoxaline (cas: 532934-95-5) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Condensed heterocycles of quinoxalines have become attractive targets in synthetic and medicinal chemistry due to their significant biological activities. Quinoxaline and its analogues may also be formed by reduction of amino acids substituted 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DFDNB),One study used 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) as a catalyst in the reaction of benzil with 1,2-diaminobenzene.Reference of 532934-95-5

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

A Direct Method for Oxidizing Quinoxaline, Tetraazaphenanthrene, and Hexaazatriphenylene Moieties Using Hypervalent λ³-Iodinane Compounds was written by Troian-Gautier, Ludovic;De Winter, Julien;Gerbaux, Pascal;Moucheron, Cecile. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2013.Application of 5448-43-1 This article mentions the following:

An efficient oxidation reaction of various electron-poor quinoxaline-core-containing compounds, such as quinoxalines, 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrenes, and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene, using [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene is reported. These compounds are converted into the corresponding quinoxalinediones in good to high yields at room temperature using an acetonitrile/water solvent mixture This unprecedented reaction should enable the synthesis of a wide variety of compounds useful in several fields of chem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Application of 5448-43-1).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Condensed heterocycles of quinoxalines have become attractive targets in synthetic and medicinal chemistry due to their significant biological activities. Quinoxalines are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotics such as echinomycin, levomycin exhibiting antitumoral properties. Quinoxalines establish also the basis of anthelmintics and receptor antagonists.Application of 5448-43-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Nickel-Catalyzed N-Arylation of Fluoroalkylamines was written by McGuire, Ryan T.;Yadav, Arun A.;Stradiotto, Mark. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Synthetic Route of C8H5ClN2 This article mentions the following:

The Ni-catalyzed N-arylation of β-fluoroalkylamines with broad scope is reported for the first time. Use of the air-stable pre-catalyst (PAd2-DalPhos)Ni(o-tol)Cl allows for reactions to be conducted at room temperature (25°C, NaOtBu), or by use of a com. available dual-base system (100°C, DBU/NaOTf), to circumvent decomposition of the N-(β-fluoroalkyl)aniline product. The mild protocols disclosed herein feature broad (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halide scope (Cl, Br, I, and for the first time phenol-derived electrophiles), encompassing base-sensitive substrates and enantioretentive transformations, in a manner that is unmatched by any previously reported catalyst system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1Synthetic Route of C8H5ClN2).

6-Chloroquinoxaline (cas: 5448-43-1) belongs to quinoxaline derivatives. Quinoxaline derivatives are important constituents of pharmacologically active compounds, including antibacterial, antibiotic and antineoplastic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. Quinoxalines are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotics such as echinomycin, levomycin exhibiting antitumoral properties. Quinoxalines establish also the basis of anthelmintics and receptor antagonists.Synthetic Route of C8H5ClN2

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider