Electric Literature of 2213-63-0, Because a catalyst decreases the height of the energy barrier, its presence increases the reaction rates of both the forward and the reverse reactions by the same amount.2213-63-0, Name is 2,3-Dichloroquinoxaline, molecular formula is C8H4Cl2N2. In a article，once mentioned of 2213-63-0
Retrosynthetic Approach to the Synthesis of Phenothiazines
The first compound containing a phenothiazine ring, 3,7-diaminophenazathionium chloride, was obtained in 1876 by Lauth (1876CB1035). Bernthsen synthesized the parent phenothiazine in 1883, by heating diphenylamine with sulfur (1883CB2896). The chemistry of phenothiazine has evolved in several directions since his discovery in the nineteenth century. Initially, the interest in this heterocycle was due to its quinonoid derivatives, widespread as intermediates in sulfur dye chemistry (1876CB1035, 12CB2012). Then followed the discovery of the antihelmintic action of unsubstituted (50MI(1)124) and of some C-substituted (56AJC397) phenothiazines, which made these compounds important adjuvants in the meat industry that increased the availability of animal products. The brightest period started in the 1950s with the introduction of phenothiazine derivatives in medicine. The antihistaminic (46MI363, 48MI197) and neuroleptic (52MI206) action of some N,C-substituted phenothiazines has made them essential chemotherapeutic tools even nowadays. Lately, the research in this class has been focused on the synthesis and investigation of the properties of new phenothiazines in the quest for advanced materials with potential use in modern applied physics. The literature on phenothiazine derivatives was reviewed exhaustively in an earlier monograph edited by R. R. Gupta (88MI1). In the synthesis of phenothiazines, ring closure successfully rivals with other reactions involving functional group insertion, removal or modification, and the scope of this review is to summarize the cyclization reactions known to produce the phenothiazine ring based on a retrosynthetic analysis scheme. Although we tried to ensure the coverage of all known synthetic pathways, the literature references are, however, limited to the most significant examples (the same procedure, e.g. thionation, has been used without relevant modifications by a spate of authors). The purpose of the retrosynthetic analysis consists in identifying and disconnecting the strategic chemical bonds in the target molecule, bonds that can be easily re-connected synthetically. Such successive disconnections yield syntons and starting molecules with simple structures (eventually commercial compounds). According to the accepted rules, in such retrosynthetic analyses, we indicate the bond that will be disconnected in the target molecule and used an arrow ? to show the resultant precursors. Under this arrow, we mention the reactions that allow the reconnection of the respective bond. The disconnection possibilities for the phenothiazine molecule are depicted in Scheme 1.
A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 2213-63-0
Reference：
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N1545 | ChemSpider