Category: quinoxaline

Wakelin, Laurence P. G.; Waring, Michael J. published the artcile< The binding of echinomycin to deoxyribonucleic acid>, Computed Properties of 5182-90-1, the main research area is DNA echinomycin binding.

Association constants for the binding of echinomycin (I) [512-64-1] to 9 double-helical DNA species from different sources varied by a factor of approx. 10 but were not simply related to the gross base composition The interaction of I with DNA was ionic strength dependent and the enthalpy of interaction was approx. -13 kJ/mole. I interacted strongly with some synthetic polydeoxynucleotides, having the highest affinity for polymers rich in deoxyguanine and deoxycytosine nucleotides. I altered the supercoiling of closed circular duplex bacteriophage PM2 DNA in the same way as that of intercalating drugs. At low ionic strength (0.01M), the interaction was bifunctional, but at higher ionic strength (0.5M) the intercalation became more monofunctional. Quinoxaline-2-carboxamide [5182-90-1] and Bayer 7602 [13988-23-3] showed only weak interactions with DNA, indicating that the peptide portion of I is important in determining the strength and specificity of the interaction.

Biochemical Journal published new progress about DNA Role: FORM (Formation, Nonpreparative). 5182-90-1 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O, Computed Properties of 5182-90-1.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Seitz, Lainne E.; Suling, William J.; Reynolds, Robert C. published the artcile< Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of Pyrazine and Quinoxaline Derivatives>, Related Products of 5182-90-1, the main research area is benzyl pyrazinecarboxylate preparation antimycobacterial activity; quinoxalinecarboxylate benzyl preparation antimycobacterial activity.

A series of pyrazine and quinoxaline derivatives have been synthesized, and their activity against M. tuberculosis (Mtb) and Mycobacterium avium (MAC) are reported. The 4-acetoxybenzyl ester of pyrazinoic acid (I) and 4′-acetoxybenzyl 2-quinoxalinecarboxylate (II) showed excellent activity against Mtb (MIC ranges of less than 1-6.25 μg/mL) but only modest activity against MAC (MICs of 4-32 μg/mL).

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Aralkyl alcohols Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 5182-90-1 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O, Related Products of 5182-90-1.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Arienzo, Rosa; Cramp, Sue; Dyke, Hazel J.; Lockey, Peter M.; Norman, Dennis; Roach, Alan G.; Smith, Phil; Wong, Melanie; Wren, Stephen P. published the artcile< Quinazoline and benzimidazole MCH-1R antagonists>, Category: quinoxaline, the main research area is quinazoline derivative preparation MCH 1R antagonist; benzimidazole derivative preparation MCH 1R antagonist.

Two novel series of MCH-1R antagonists were obtained by modification of previous reported 2-aminoquinoline derivatives Representative quinazoline compound I and benzimidazole derivative II were shown to be potent and selective, with promising in vitro eADME profiles.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about Amidation. 6272-25-9 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C8H4ClN3O2, Category: quinoxaline.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Reinhart, Peter H.; Kaltenbach, Linda S.; Essrich, Christian; Dunn, Denise E.; Eudailey, Joshua A.; DeMarco, C. Todd; Turmel, Gregory J.; Whaley, Jennifer C.; Wood, Andrew; Cho, Seongeun; Lo, Donald C. published the artcile< Identification of anti-inflammatory targets for Huntington's disease using a brain slice-based screening assay>, Synthetic Route of 163769-88-8, the main research area is Huntington disease antiinflammatory target brain slice screening assay.

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a late-onset, neurodegenerative disease for which there are currently no cures nor disease-modifying treatments. Here we report the identification of several potential anti-inflammatory targets for HD using an ex vivo model of HD that involves the acute transfection of human mutant huntington-based constructs into rat brain slices. This model recapitulates key components of the human disease, including the formation of intracellular huntington protein (HTT)-containing inclusions and the progressive neurodegeneration of striatal neurons-both occurring within the native tissue context of these neurons. Using this “”high-throughput biol.”” screening platform, we conducted a hypothesis-neutral screen of a collection of drug-like compounds which identified several anti-inflammatory targets that provided neuroprotection against HTT fragment-induced neurodegeneration. The nature of these targets provide further support for non-cell autonomous mechanisms mediating significant aspects of neuropathogenesis induced by mutant HTT fragment proteins.

Neurobiology of Disease published new progress about Adenosine A2A receptors Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 163769-88-8 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C22H21N3O2, Synthetic Route of 163769-88-8.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Le Douaron, Gael; Ferrie, Laurent; Sepulveda-Diaz, Julia E.; Amar, Majid; Harfouche, Abha; Seon-Meniel, Blandine; Raisman-Vozari, Rita; Michel, Patrick P.; Figadere, Bruno published the artcile< New 6-Aminoquinoxaline Derivatives with Neuroprotective Effect on Dopaminergic Neurons in Cellular and Animal Parkinson Disease Models>, Safety of 7-Nitro-2(1H)-quinoxalinone, the main research area is aminoquinoxaline preparation arylation alkynylation reaction neuroprotective effect dopamine neuron; Parkinson disease model neuroprotective effect dopamine aminoquinoxaline derivative.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of aging characterized by motor symptoms that result from the loss of midbrain dopamine neurons and the disruption of dopamine-mediated neurotransmission. There is currently no curative treatment for this disorder. To discover druggable neuroprotective compounds for dopamine neurons, the authors have designed and synthesized a 2nd-generation of quinoxaline-derived mols. based on structure-activity relation studies, which led previously to the discovery of the authors’ 1st neuroprotective brain penetrant hit compound MPAQ (5c). Neuroprotection assessment in PD cellular models of the authors’ newly synthesized quinoxaline-derived compounds led to the selection of a better hit compound, PAQ (4c). Extensive in vitro characterization of 4c showed that its neuroprotective action is partially attributable to the activation of reticulum endoplasmic ryanodine receptor channels. Most interestingly, 4c was able to attenuate neurodegeneration in a mouse model of PD, making this compound an interesting drug candidate for the treatment of this disorder.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Alkynylation. 89898-96-4 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C8H5N3O3, Safety of 7-Nitro-2(1H)-quinoxalinone.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Senecal, Todd D.; Shu, Wei; Buchwald, Stephen L. published the artcile< A General, Practical Palladium-Catalyzed Cyanation of (Hetero)Aryl Chlorides and Bromides>, SDS of cas: 23088-24-6, the main research area is heteroaryl aryl cyanide preparation; palladium catalyst cyanation heteroaryl aryl chloride bromide; cross-coupling; cyanides; heterocycles; homogeneous catalysis; palladium.

The authors have disclosed a general method for the cyanation of (hetero)aryl chlorides and bromides. The authors use a palladium-catalyzed cyanation system that (1) is applicable to aryl chlorides at low to moderate catalyst loadings; (2) works well with a wide range of heterocyclic halides, including in many cases five-membered heterocycles bearing free NH groups; and (3) is complete in one hour at ≤ 100°. The use of a nontoxic cyanide source in conjunction with wide functional-group tolerance and fast reaction times make this method particularly convenient to synthetic chemists.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Aromatic nitriles Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 23088-24-6 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C9H5N3, SDS of cas: 23088-24-6.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Wozniak, Marian; Baranski, Andrzej; Nowak, Krystyna; Poradowska, Henryka published the artcile< Regioselectivity of the amination of some nitroquinoxalines by liquid ammonia/potassium permanganate>, SDS of cas: 89898-96-4, the main research area is regioselective amination nitroquinoxaline; quinoxaline nitro regioselective amination.

5- And 6-nitroquinoxalines and some of their derivatives are aminated in a liquid NH3 solution of KMnO4 to yield the corresponding 2- and/or 3- and/or 5-amino compounds Quantum-chem. calculations are made to explain the regioselectivity of the amination reactions.

Liebigs Annalen der Chemie published new progress about Amination, regioselective. 89898-96-4 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C8H5N3O3, SDS of cas: 89898-96-4.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Fisher, George H.; Schultz, Harry P. published the artcile< Quinoxaline studies. XXII. Tosylation and chiralities of 2-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines>, Safety of Quinoxaline-2-carboxamide, the main research area is tetrahydroquinoxaline tosylation chirality; quinoxaline tetrahydes tosylation chirality.

Tosylation of several 2-R-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines (I, (R = Me, CH2Oh, CONH2, CO2H, or CO2Et) gave exclusively N-monotosyl derivatives whose NMR spectra justified assignment of the tosyl group of the 1-N position. Support for this assignment was obtained by comparing the NMR spectra of unsubstituted and N-tosylated tetrahydroquinolines and tetrahydroquinaldines as model compounds The tosyl derivatives were then utilized to establish the C-2 chiralities of the various 2-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines according to the sequence (RS)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-quinoxalinecarboxamide, (R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-quinoxalinecarboxamide, (R)-1-p-tolylsulfonyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-quinoxalinecarboxamide, (R)-1-p-tolylsulfonyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid, (R)-1-p-tolylsulfonyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-2-hydroxymethylquine, and (S)-1-tolylsulfonyl-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-the latter identical with the configurational standard prepared unequivocally from L-α-alanine.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Chirality. 5182-90-1 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O, Safety of Quinoxaline-2-carboxamide.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Long, Xiangdong; Wang, Jia; Gao, Guang; Nie, Chao; Sun, Peng; Xi, Yongjie; Li, Fuwei published the artcile< Direct Oxidative Amination of the Methyl C-H Bond in N-Heterocycles over Metal-Free Mesoporous Carbon>, Synthetic Route of 5182-90-1, the main research area is amide heterocyclic preparation density functional theory kinetic study; heterocycle oxidative amination mesoporous carbon catalyst SAR.

Herein, direct and efficient oxidative amination of the Me C-H bond in a wide range of N-heterocycles such as 2-methylpyridine, 3-methylquinoline, 4-methylpyrimidine, etc. to access the corresponding amides RC(O)NH2 (R = pyridin-2-yl, quinolin-2-yl, 1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl, etc.) over metal-free porous carbon is successfully developed. To understand the fundamental structure-activity relationships of carbon catalysts, the surface functional groups and the graphitization degree of porous carbon have been purposefully tailored through doping with nitrogen or phosphorus. The results of characterization, kinetic studies, liquid-phase adsorption experiments, and theor. calculations indicate that the high activity of the carbon catalyst is attributed to the synergistic effect of surface acidic functional groups (hydroxyl/carboxylic acid/phosphate) and more graphene edge structures exposed on the surface of carbon materials with a high graphitization degree, in which the role of acidic functional groups is to adsorb the substrate mol. and the role of the graphene edge structure is to activate O2.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about Adsorption energy. 5182-90-1 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O, Synthetic Route of 5182-90-1.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Hazeldine, Stuart T.; Polin, Lisa; Kushner, Juiwanna; Paluch, Jennifer; White, Kathryn; Edelstein, Matthew; Palomino, Eduardo; Corbett, Thomas H.; Horwitz, Jerome P. published the artcile< Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Analogues of the Antitumor Agent, 2-{4-[(7-Chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy}propionic Acid (XK469)>, Category: quinoxaline, the main research area is chloroquinoxalinyloxyphenoxypropionic acid structure antitumor; quinoxalinyloxyphenoxypropionic acid antitumor preparation.

2-{4-[(7-Chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy}propionic acid (XK469) I is among the most highly and broadly active antitumor agents to have been evaluated and scheduled to enter clin. trials in 2001. The mechanism or mechanisms of action of I remain to be elaborated. Accordingly, an effort was initiated to establish a pharmacophore hypothesis to delineate the requirements of the active site, via a comprehensive program of synthesis of analogs of I and evaluation of the effects of structural modification(s) on solid tumor activity. The strategy formulated chose to dissect the two-dimensional parent structure into three regions: I, ring A of quinoxaline; II, the hydroquinone connector linkage; and III, the lactic acid moiety-to determine the resultant in vitro and in vivo effects of chem. alterations in each region. Neither the A-ring unsubstituted nor the B-ring 3-chloro-regioisomer of I showed antitumor activity. The modulating antitumor effect(s) of substituents of differing electronegativities, located at the several sites comprising the A-ring of region I, were next ascertained. Thus, a halogen substituent, located at the 7-position of a 2-{4-[(2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy}propionic acid, generated the most highly and broadly active antitumor agents. A Me, methoxy, or an azido substituent at this site generated a much less active structure, whereas 5-, 6-, 8-chloro-, 6-, 7-nitro, and 7-amino derivatives all proved to be essentially inactive. When the connector linkage (region II) of I was changed from that of a hydroquinone to either a resorcinol or a catechol derivative, all antitumor activity was lost. Of the carboxylic acid derivatives of I (region III), i.e., CONH2, CONHMe, CONMe2, CONHOH, CONHNH2, CN, or CN4H (tetrazole), only the monomethyl- and N,N-dimethylamides proved to be active.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antitumor agents. 6272-25-9 belongs to class quinoxaline, and the molecular formula is C8H4ClN3O2, Category: quinoxaline.

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider