Heterocyclic Building Blocks-quinoxaline

Malone, J. P.; McGimpsey, H. C. published an article in 1977, the title of the article was Fungicidal control of foliar diseases of barley in Northern Ireland.Formula: C8H10N2 And the article contains the following content:

Trials were carried out during 1971-74 in which 5 barley cultivars and 9 fungicides were employed for the control of mildew (Erysiphe graminis) and leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis). The highest level of mildew was recorded in 1973 and of leaf blotch in 1972. All of the treatments used in 1973 reduced the level of mildew and several of them the level of leaf senescence, the best result being obtained with tridemorph [24602-86-6]. The treatment also increased grain yield and thousand (M) grain weight (benomyl [17804-35-2] and chlorquinox [9004-32-4] by ∼10%) but the differences between treatments were not significant. When the level of mildew was low, it was reduced by ethirimol [23947-60-6] seed treatment in 1971 and by all the treatments in 1974, but this did not significantly affect yield or M weight In 1971 and 1972 benomyl reduced the level of leaf blotch and in 1972 the level of leaf senescence. It also increased M weight in 1971, and both yield and M weight in 1972. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).Formula: C8H10N2

The Article related to barley erysiphe rhynchosporium fungicide, Agrochemicals: Microbial and other aspects.Formula: C8H10N2

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On April 30, 2002, Adams, T. B.; Doull, J.; Feron, V. J.; Goodman, J. I.; Marnett, L. J.; Munro, I. C.; Newberne, P. M.; Portoghese, P. S.; Smith, R. L.; Waddell, W. J.; Wagner, B. M. published an article.Formula: C8H10N2 The title of the article was The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients. And the article contained the following:

A review. Elements that are fundamental to the safety evaluation of flavor ingredients include exposure, structural analogy, metabolism, pharmacokinetics and toxicol. Flavor ingredients are evaluated individually taking into account the available scientific information on the group of structurally related substances. Scientific data relevant to the safety evaluation of the use of pyrazine derivatives as flavoring ingredients is evaluated. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).Formula: C8H10N2

The Article related to review pyrazine flavor gras, Food and Feed Chemistry: Reviews and other aspects.Formula: C8H10N2

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On November 30, 1983, Lewis, Susan J.; Mirrlees, Margaret S.; Taylor, Peter J. published an article.Synthetic Route of 62163-09-1 The title of the article was Rationalizations among heterocyclic partition coefficients. Part 2: The azines. And the article contained the following:

π-Values (partition substituent constants) of 246 azines are given and discussed in terms of Δπ, the difference in π-value from that expected for C6H6. It is shown that Δπ is close to zero for alkyl and most halogen groups, but for polar substituents capable of H bonding it may be as high as φ1.6. Except for peri-positions, these Δπ-values may be correlated by a set of equations specific for different types of substituent position and containing terms which sep. parameterize proton-donor and -acceptor ability. The rationale behind this treatment is justified in terms of the nature of the octanol-H2O partitioning process and the manner in which electronic effects are expected to operate, in this context and that of the individual mol. Other topics discussed include: reasons for deviations among “irregular” substituents; the special problems of peri-positions; multisubstitution; and some consequences of this anal. for other types of compound The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Chloroquinoxaline(cas: 62163-09-1).Synthetic Route of 62163-09-1

The Article related to azine structure partition coefficient, lfer azine, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 62163-09-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On February 8, 2018, Lee, Hsueh-Yun; Nepali, Kunal; Huang, Fang-I.; Chang, Chih-Yi; Lai, Mei-Jung; Li, Yu-Hsuan; Huang, Hsiang-Ling; Yang, Chia-Ron; Liou, Jing-Ping published an article.Computed Properties of 62163-09-1 The title of the article was (N-Hydroxycarbonylbenzylamino)quinolines as Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors Suppress Growth of Multiple Myeloma in Vitro and in Vivo. And the article contained the following:

A series of bicyclic arylamino/heteroarylamino hydroxamic acids (7-31) have been examined as novel histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors. One compound (13, N-hydroxy-4-((quinolin-8-ylamino)methyl)benzamide) exhibits remarkable inhibitory activity of HDAC6 with an IC50 value of 0.29 nM, which is 4000-43,000 times more selective over other HDAC isoforms. Compound 13 was shown to have antiproliferative activity against human multiple myeloma RPMI 8226, U266, and NCI-H929 cells with no effect on normal bone marrow cells. Compound 13, as a single drug, suppresses the growth of tumors by a %TGI factor of 60.4% in human multiple myeloma RPMI 8226 xenograft models and, in combination with bortezomib, shows significant in vivo antitumor activity (%TGI = 86.2%). Compound 13 also demonstrates good human hepatocytic stability and high permeability, without any effect on mutagenicity and cytotoxicity. Thus, compound 13 is a potent HDAC6 inhibitor that could be developed for the treatment of multiple myeloma in the future. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Chloroquinoxaline(cas: 62163-09-1).Computed Properties of 62163-09-1

The Article related to hydroxycarbonylbenzylaminoquinoline preparation histone deacetylase hdac6 inhibitor antitumor myeloma, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Computed Properties of 62163-09-1

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

Rychen, Guido; Aquilina, Gabriele; Azimonti, Giovanna; Bampidis, Vasileios; Bastos, Maria de Lourdes; Bories, Georges; Cocconcelli, Pier Sandro; Flachowsky, Gerhard; Gropp, Juergen; Kolar, Boris; Kouba, Maryline; Lopez Puente, Secundino; Lopez-Alonso, Marta; Mantovani, Alberto; Mayo, Baltasar; Ramos, Fernando; Saarela, Maria; Villa, Roberto Edoardo; Wallace, Robert John; Wester, Pieter; Brantom, Paul; Dusemund, Birgit; Hogstrand, Christer; Van Beelen, Patrick; Westendorf, Johannes; Gregoretti, Lucilla; Manini, Paola; Chesson, Andrew; EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed published an article in 2017, the title of the article was Safety and efficacy of pyrazine derivatives including saturated ones belonging to chemical group 24 when used as flavourings for all animal species.Electric Literature of 34413-35-9 And the article contains the following content:

A review. Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of 22 compounds belonging to chem. group 24 (pyrazine derivatives). They are currently authorised as flavours in food. The FEEDAP Panel concludes that: 2,3-diethylpyrazine [14.005], 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine [14.006], 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline [14.015], 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine [14.018], 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine [14.019], 2,5-dimethylpyrazine [14.020], 2,6-dimethylpyrazine [14.021], 2-ethylpyrazine [14.022], 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine [14.024], 2,5 or 6-methoxy-3-methylpyrazine [14.025], 2-methylpyrazine [14.027], acetylpyrazine [14.032], 6,7-dihydro-5-methyl-5H-cyclopenta(b)pyrazine [14.037], 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine [14.043], 2-acetyl-3-ethylpyrazine [14.049], 2,3-dimethylpyrazine [14.050], 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine [14.056], 2-(sec-butyl)-3-methoxypyrazine [14.062], 3,(5- or 6-)-dimethyl-2-ethylpyrazine [14.100], 2-ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine [14.112] and 2-methoxy-3-methylpyrazine [14.126] are safe at the proposed maximum dose level (0.5 mg/kg complete feed) as feed for cattle, salmonids and non-food-producing animals, and at the proposed normal use level of 0.1 mg/kg complete feed for pigs and poultry; 5-methylquinoxaline [14.028] are safe only at concentrations below the proposed use levels (0.08 mg/kg complete feed for cattle, salmonids and non-food-producing animals, and 0.05 mg/kg complete feed for pigs and poultry). No safety concern would arise for the consumer from the use of these compounds up to the highest proposed level in feeds. Hazards for skin and eye contact, and respiratory exposure are recognized for the majority of the compounds under application. Most are classified as irritating to the respiratory system. The proposed maximum use levels in feed are unlikely to have detrimental effects on the terrestrial and fresh water compartments. Because all the compounds under assessment are used in food as flavourings and their function in feed is essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy is necessary. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).Electric Literature of 34413-35-9

The Article related to review safety efficacy pyrazine derivative, chemical group 24, pyrazine derivatives, safety, sensory additives, Food and Feed Chemistry: Reviews and other aspects.Electric Literature of 34413-35-9

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On January 24, 2019, Tangherlini, Giovanni; Kalinin, Dmitrii V.; Schepmann, Dirk; Che, Tao; Mykicki, Nadine; Staender, Sonja; Loser, Karin; Wuensch, Bernhard published an article.COA of Formula: C8H10N2 The title of the article was Development of novel quinoxaline-based κ-opioid receptor agonists for the treatment of neuroinflammation. And the article contained the following:

Neuroinflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis or exptl. autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an established mouse model mimicking part of the human pathol., are characterized by inflammatory infiltrates containing T helper 1 (TH1) and TH17 cells, which cause demyelination and neurodegeneration. Disease onset and perpetuation are mediated by peripherally generated autoreactive T cells infiltrating into the central nervous system, where they are restimulated by antigen-presenting cells. Here, we show that newly designed peripherally active, potent, and selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonists comprising the ethylenediamine KOR pharmacophore in a perhydroquinoxaline scaffold exhibit potent anti-inflammatory capacities in primary antigen presenting cells as well as T cells. In the EAE model, the secondary amine I and the triazole II were able to ameliorate disease severity and to delay disease onset by blocking effector T cell activation. Importantly, the beneficial effects were mediated via signaling through KOR because off-target effects were excluded by using KOR-deficient mouse mutants. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).COA of Formula: C8H10N2

The Article related to quinoxaline kappa opioid receptor agonist neuritis antiinflammatory multiple sclerosis, anti multiple sclerosis immunomodulator, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.COA of Formula: C8H10N2

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On November 20, 2014, Zhou, Bin; Ren, Hong-tao published an article.Formula: C8H10N2 The title of the article was Effect of different roast degree on aroma quality of Coffea arabica in Yunnan Province. And the article contained the following:

The Coffea arabica in Yunnan Province has good quality. There are two reactions during roasting: maillard reaction and carnmel reaction. For study the change of aroma quality of Coffea during roasting, the aromatic constituents of light roast Coffea, medium roast Coffea and dark roast Coffea in Yunnan province were isolated by simultaneous distillation extraction and identified by GC-MS method. Studying the qual. and quant. results of the aromatic constituents of the Coffea arabica in Yunnan Province which roasting different roast degree. The result showed that different roast degree can effect the Coffea aroma. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).Formula: C8H10N2

The Article related to roast aroma coffea, Food and Feed Chemistry: Analysis and other aspects.Formula: C8H10N2

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On March 29, 1996, Remberg, B.; Nikiforov, A.; Buchbauer, G. published an article.Category: quinoxaline The title of the article was Kovats’ indices of pyrazines and related flavor substances on methyl silicone and Carbowax 20M phases. And the article contained the following:

Gas-chromatog. retention indexes (Kovats’ indexes) of 77 com. available flavor-relevant heterocyclic compounds (pyrazines, pyridines, pyrroles, quinoxalines, and thiazoles) were determined in temperature programmed mode on Me silicone and Carbowax 20M phases as an aid for their identification. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).Category: quinoxaline

The Article related to flavor heterocyclic retention index gas chromatog, Food and Feed Chemistry: Analysis and other aspects.Category: quinoxaline

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On October 10, 2012, Wu, Hua-chang; Zhang, Liang; Deng, Jing; Li, Ping-ping; Xiao, Chen; Shen, Fang published an article.Category: quinoxaline The title of the article was Annlysis of volatile flavor compounds in the process of Yacai fermentationed. And the article contained the following:

The headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with capillary gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was used for the determination of volatile flavor compounds in Yacai with different fermentation times. A total of 75 volatile compounds were identified in these samples. And 29, 22, 21, 22, 22 and 27 kinds of volatile compounds were resp. identified from raw Yacai, new salted Yacai, salted 40 days Yacai, salted 80 days Yacai, salted 120 days Yacai and salted 160 days Yacai. Among these compounds, a series of compounds, such as acids, alcs., esters, and alkanes are the main volatiles contributing to flavor of Yacai. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).Category: quinoxaline

The Article related to yacai volatile flavor compound fermentation, hs spme gc ms, Food and Feed Chemistry: Analysis and other aspects.Category: quinoxaline

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider

On May 8, 2009, Lojzova, Lenka; Riddellova, Katerina; Hajslova, Jana; Zrostlikova, Jitka; Schurek, Jakub; Cajka, Tomas published an article.Quality Control of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline The title of the article was Alternative GC-MS approaches in the analysis of substituted pyrazines and other volatile aromatic compounds formed during Maillard reaction in potato chips. And the article contained the following:

Several methods have been developed for the anal. of substituted pyrazines and related substances in potato chips. Following separation/detection approaches (all employing head-space solid phase microextraction, HS-SPME, for volatiles sampling), have been critically assessed in our study:. (i) gas chromatog.-ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-ITMS),. (ii) gas chromatog.-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS);. (iii) comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog.-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS). Although in none of the tested systems full chromatog. resolution of some isomeric pairs could be achieved, the use of GC × GC-TOFMS offered the best solution, mainly because of distinctly lower limits of quantification (LOQs) for all of 13 target alkylpyrazines. In addition to good performance characteristics, a non-target screening and tentative identification of altogether 46 N-containing heterocyclic compounds (pyrazines, pyrrols, pyridines, pyrrolidinones, and tetrahydropyridines) was also enabled. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline(cas: 34413-35-9).Quality Control of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline

The Article related to pyrazine volatile aroma maillard reaction potato chip gc ms, Food and Feed Chemistry: Analysis and other aspects.Quality Control of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline

Referemce:
Quinoxaline – Wikipedia,
Quinoxaline | C8H6N2 | ChemSpider